【spend用法】在英语学习中，“spend”是一个非常常见的动词，常用于描述花费时间或金钱。虽然它看似简单，但使用时需要注意其搭配和语法规则。以下是对“spend”用法的总结，结合具体例句和常见搭配，帮助学习者更好地掌握这一动词的用法。
一、基本用法总结
| 用法 | 结构 | 说明 | 例句 |
| spend + 时间/金钱 | spend time/money on sth | 表示花费时间或金钱在某事上 | I spent two hours on my homework. |
| spend + 时间/金钱 | spend time/money (in) doing sth | 表示花费时间或金钱做某事 | She spent a lot of money traveling. |
| spend + 时间/金钱 | spend time/money (on) something | 强调花费在某物上 | He spent three years in London. |
| spend + 时间 | spend time (in) doing sth | 表示花时间做某事 | We spent the weekend hiking. |
| spend + 时间 | spend time (with) someone | 表示与某人共度时间 | I spent time with my family. |
二、常见搭配与注意事项
1. spend + 时间
- 常见结构：spend time (in) doing sth 或 spend time with someone
- 例如：I spent an hour reading a book. / We spent time with our friends.
2. spend + 金钱
- 常见结构：spend money on something 或 spend money (in) doing something
- 例如：He spent $50 on a new phone. / They spent a lot of money building their house.
3. 注意：不能说 "spend time to do"
- 正确：spend time doing sth
- 错误：spend time to do sth（这是“try to do”的用法）
4. spend 和 cost 的区别
- “spend” 主语是人，表示人花费时间或金钱；
- “cost” 主语是物，表示某物花费（金钱）。
- 例如：The movie cost me $10. / I spent $10 on the movie.
三、典型错误与纠正
| 错误句子 | 正确句子 | 解释 |
| I spent time to study. | I spent time studying. | 应用 doing 形式 |
| He spent money to buy a car. | He spent money on a car. | 应用 on 搭配 |
| I spent three hours in study. | I spent three hours studying. | 应用 doing 形式 |
四、小结
“spend” 是一个非常实用的动词，尤其在日常交流中频繁出现。掌握它的基本结构和常见搭配，能够帮助我们更自然地表达时间和金钱的消耗。通过对比“spend”与“cost”的不同，也能避免一些常见的语法错误。希望以上总结能帮助你更好地理解和运用“spend”这个动词。
